Publication Date
2018
Document Type
Thesis
Committee Members
Nancy Bigley (Advisor), Barbara Hull (Committee Member), Dawn Wooley (Committee Member)
Degree Name
Master of Science (MS)
Abstract
HSV-1 is a ubiquitous virus capable of causing lifelong latent infection. The virus contains a large double strand DNA genome covered by an icosahedral capsid. HSV-1 is a cytolytic virus which can cause a lethal infection. The virus possesses critical protein ICP0 which is capable of interfering with host cell signaling and eventually prevent cell apoptosis. Innate immunity plays a crucial role in defense against HSV-1 infection and macrophage plays a significant role in the innate immune system. Macrophage cells can alter their behavior depending upon certain stimuli and tissue environments. Naive macrophage (M0) cells can be polarized to a pro-inflammatory (M1) macrophage or to an anti-inflammatory (M2) macrophage. There are subclasses of M2 macrophage which are M2a, M2b and M2c and they are stimulated with different stimuli. Macrophages phenotypes respond to HSV-1 infection differently and this study evaluates the viability of RAW 264.7 and J774.1 murine macrophage phenotypes (M0, M1 and M2) responding to HSV-1 infection 24, 48 and 72 hours following HSV-1infection. We also evaluate replication of HSV-1 in the murine macrophage cell lines and macrophage phenotypes. The M1 polarized macrophage exhibits the lowest viability among macrophage phenotypes in RAW 264.7 or J774.1 cell line. Among the M2 subclasses, IL-10 polarized M2 cells demonstrates markedly lower viability than IL-13 or IL-4 polarized M2 cells 24h and 72h following HSV-1 infection in RAW 264.7 cells and at 48h and 72h in J774.1 cells. Furthermore, HSV-1 titer was decreased in M1 macrophage at 24h, 48h and 72h. In M0 and M2 subtypes, HSV-1 titer was increased markedly during infection. In all macrophage cell lines, IL-10 polarized M2 cells yielded less HSV-1 Plaque Forming Unite (pfu/ml) than IL-4 polarized M2 cells after 72h of infection in Raw 264.7 or J774.1 cell lines at 72h of infection.
Page Count
66
Department or Program
Microbiology and Immunology
Year Degree Awarded
2018
Copyright
Copyright 2018, some rights reserved. My ETD may be copied and distributed only for non-commercial purposes and may not be modified. All use must give me credit as the original author.
Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 3.0 License.
