Document Type

Article

Publication Date

2002

Abstract

The metallic biomaterials are very well known among various biomaterials. Stainless steel was used successfully as an implant material in the surgical field, then Vitallium, cobalt based alloys were used as implant materials. Titanium is the newest metallic biomaterial among three main metallic biomaterials, stainless steels, Co-based alloys and titanium alloys. These materials are used for the instrumentation replacing failed hard tissue, for example, artificial hip joints, artificial knee joints, bone plates, dental implants and in similar applications. Biocompatibility characteristics of titanium alloys make it the preferred choice for such applications, additional factors being light weight, excellent mechanical properties, corrosion and wear resistance. The fatigue behavior of biomedical materials is as important as other properties, yet fatigue characteristics are not considered while selecting a particular material for bio applications. This report summarizes the fatigue behavior of biomaterials and also presents a summary from published sources where inferior fatigue resistance lead to the total joint replacement recalls. This paper reviews the fatigue, wear and corrosion resistance of biomaterials that will be useful in the design of bio prostheses.

DOI

10.1515/JMBM.2002.13.5-6.297

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